Storage Information. More Information. Applications of Rabbit Complement. Where this product has not been tested for use in a particular technique this does not necessarily exclude its use in such procedures. Suggested working dilutions are given as a guide only. Product Specific References References for Rabbit Complement Essential aspects of tissue typing: Preparation, use, storage of reagents and standardisation of complement.
Council of Europe. The population born on Saba consists of about whites and nonwhites. The white population largely consists of 5 families. Excessive exposure to sunlight and the fair skin of most of the white population result in a high prevalence of actinic keratoses and skin cancer. The surveys were undertaken in May and November The list was primarily based on the family names of the 5 largest families and, with the help of government employees, was completed by adding the names of white individuals with different names who were also born on the island.
Data regarding the history of skin cancer were collected from the medical charts of all white individuals. Only histologically confirmed squamous cell carcinomas and basal cell carcinomas were counted as skin cancers. A skin cancer clinic was announced, which resulted in 50 persons spontaneously visiting our clinic in May, 16 of whom had had skin cancer. During the second survey, an additional 87 persons were seen. Family members of patients with skin cancer from the first survey were telephoned to attend the clinic.
Individuals who came to the clinic spontaneously were also included in the study. The skin of all individuals visiting our clinic was examined for the presence of skin cancer. Biopsy of the suspicious lesions was performed for histological diagnosis. Skin type was determined 22 and actinic keratoses were counted. Freckles were recorded as present or absent. Lifetime sun exposure was assessed by questionnaire, 23 and blood was drawn for HLA typing.
Briefly, each patient's cumulative exposure to sunlight was calculated by adding the exposure because of occupational activities minimum 1 and maximum 8 hours per day for different age groups to the exposure because of nonoccupational activities, such as outdoor recreation minimum 1 and maximum 16 hours per week and vacation.
The complete questionnaire and the protocol for assessing exposure to sunlight are available on request from Dr Bouwes Bavinck. Of the persons attending the clinic, 10 refused to have blood drawn. Of the remaining persons, HLA typing was performed successfully in samples, which resulted in the subjects analyzed in this study.
One hundred nineteen individuals did not attend the clinic because they were not on the island when we were organizing the clinic, they were too busy to attend the clinic, or they did not want to participate in the study. The continuous data concerning age, sun exposure, and number of actinic keratoses did not show a normal distribution, and therefore differences between the groups of patients with and without skin cancer regarding these values were calculated using the nonparametric Wilcoxon signed rank test.
Relative risks were estimated with the exposure odds ratios by logistic regression. Considering the association between HLA alleles and skin cancer, only skin type is a potential confounder, a factor that can be adjusted for in the logistic model.
Age and sex are not confounders, because although these features are risk factors for skin cancer, they do not depend on HLA genotype. Actinic keratoses are intermediate in the etiologic pathway between HLA alleles and skin cancer and therefore should not be adjusted for. Similarly, freckles should not be used in the model, since these spots can be considered an indicator for skin type.
The basic characteristics of the individuals whose HLA alleles were studied are presented in Table 1. Bodmer, H. Festenstein, and P. Morris eds. Goldmann, S. Albert, M. Baur, and W. Mayr eds. Hammond, M.
Tissue Antigens 2 : —, Parham, P. Immunology 13 : —, CAS Google Scholar. Hum Immunol 15 : 44—67, Radvany, R. Preview this item Preview this item. Manual of tissue typing techniques. Transplantation and Immunology Branch. Publisher: Bethesda, Md. Series: DHEW publication , no. NIH Subjects Histocompatibility testing.
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